مسئله منحصربه فرد بودن دین در پدیدارشناسی کلاسیک دین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ التحصیل ،کارشناسی ارشد ، گروه ادیان و عرفان تطبیقی، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد، گروه ادیان و عرفان تطبیقی، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

مسئله دین نزد پدیدارشناسان کلاسیک دین ماهیتی منحصر به فرد، متمایز و مجزا دارد که هرگز قابل تحویل به امری تاریخی اجتماعی و سیاسی نیست و باید در جایگاه و ارزش خودش یعنی دارای ذات دینی، مقدس و فرا تجربی در نظر گرفته شود. روش در اینجا به روش تحلیلی-انتقادی به نقد مبانی و مفروضات منحصربه فرد بودن دین پرداخت می شود. یافته ها؛ پیامدهای این نگاه به پدیده دین اینهاست : (1)ذات محوری که باعث تحویل کثرت به وحدت و تاریخ زدایی و تعمیم سازی از پدیدارهای دینی می شود و بدون توجه به بسترها و تفاوت های اجتماعی و فرهنگی، ساختارها و الگوهای غیر تاریخی محض مطالعه می شود. از این رو کارکرد این جهانی دین مغفول می ماند. (2)مستلزم تصور الهیاتی، ایدئولوژیکی و مدافعانه، فرض امر متعالی ، متافیزیکی و توجه به کانون دین و واقعیت وجودی آن و جایگزینی عمل دینی به جای مطالعه دین است.(3) قیاس ‌ناپذیری، گریز از تبیین و اکتفا به توصیف محض پدیدارهای دینی و تصدیق باور دیندار درجهت حفظ جایگاه و ارزش دین و لذا محصول آن (4)یافته های شخصی، غیرواقعی دفاع ناپذیر و فاقد ارزش علمی است.

واژگان کلیدی: پدیدارشناسی کلاسیک دین، دین منحصربه فرد، امر مقدس، دیندار، غیرتحویل گرایی

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Sui generis Religion in the Classical Phenomenology of Religion

نویسندگان [English]

  • حمید میرزاخانی 1
  • Mojtaba Zarvani 2
1 Theology faculty of Tehran University
2 Theology faculty of Tehran University
چکیده [English]

Religion has a unique, distinct nature in the classical phenomenology of religion that can never be delivered to a historical, social and political matter and should be considered in his own terms and value, i.e. religious, sacred and supernatural essence. the method; here, in the analytic-critical approach, the foundations and assumptions of the suigeneris religion are discussed. the consequences of this look at the phenomenon of religion are:(1)essentialism which causes the reduction of multiplicity to unity and dehistorization and generalization of religious phenomena, regardless of the social and cultural contexts and differences, studies merely non-historical structures and patterns. hence, the worldly function of religion is neglected.(2)requires a theological, ideological and apologetic conception, a transcendental and metaphysical assumption and paying attention to religion focus and its ontological reality and the existence of religious practice instead of studying religion. (3) incomparability, escaping from explanation and limited description of religious phenomena, and devout belief authentication to preserve the status and value of religion and thus its product (4) is unrealistic and non-untenable and without scientific value and proof.

Key words:classical phenomenology of religion, suigeneris religion, the sacred, homo-religious, anti-reductionism,sui generis religion

Key words:classical phenomenology of religion, suigeneris religion, the sacred, homo-religious, anti-reductionism,sui generis religion

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Key words:classical phenomenology of religion
  • suigeneris religion
  • the sacred
  • homo-religious
  • anti-reductionism
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