نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکترای ادیان و عرفان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 دانشیار گروه ادیان و عرفان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Bayazid Rawā can be examined from at least two different perspectives in the history of Sufism: one perspective, which is based on Hujwīrī’s caricature, and another, which presents a different image of Bayazid as depicted by Ibn Arabi. Therefore, the fundamental question of this research is whether Hujwīrī’s criterion for considering Bayazid as intoxicated (sukr) is valid or whether Ibn Arabi’s account, which highlights his high spiritual status and mastery (sahw), is more accurate. To address this, the "Kashf al-Mahjub" and Hujwīrī’s sources were critically examined and it was shown that Hujwīrī’s criterion—attributing spontaneity and uttering absurdities (shuṭḥ) to Bayazid as evidence of sukr—is not always reliable. Moreover, dividing mystics into those in a state of intoxication (sukr) and sobriety (sahw), considering the inconsistency between sukr and sahw, is not precise. The naming of a sect called the "Tayfūrīyah" may have been an invention of Hujwīrī himself.
Then, based on Ibn Arabi’s statements about Bayazid and evidence from his sayings, practical conduct, and spiritual rank, arguments supporting his sobriety (sahw) are presented. What has been depicted in the duality of sukr and sahw in the history of Sufism is merely a fabricated construct, based on an inquiry into biographies, sayings, and the works of renowned mystics. It is an artificial and simplistic categorization that leads to ineffective classifications and oversimplifications of spiritual concepts. This division is not supported by a comprehensive foundation rooted in the texts and works of the mystics.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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