فراباشندگی یا فروباشندگی خدا در رابطه الهیاتی خدا – انسان از منظر اسناد شورای واتیکانی دوم

نویسنده

گروه ادیان موسسه آموزشی و پژوهشی امام خمینی

چکیده

از جمله مسائل بنیادین در حوزه الهیات ادیان، مسأله شناخت رابطه خدا و انسان است . فهم این رابطه تاثیر قابل توجهی بر الهیات خواهد داشت. تحول الهیات مسیحی در دوره های گوناگون دستخوش این فهم الهیاتی از رابطه خدا و انسان بوده است. این نوشتار با روش تحلیلی به دنبال بررسی این رابطه بر اساس اسناد واتیکانی دوم است. به نظر می رسد در دوره مدرن که تحول الهیاتی آن باعث شد خدا خدایی فروباشنده تعریف شود و به انسان اصالت داده شود، کلیسا را برآن داشت تا در واتیکانی دوم باز تعریفی از رابطه خدا و انسان ارائه دهد. در خصوص دستاوردهای این تحقیق باید اشاره کرد که از نظر واتیکانی دوم، خدا خدایی فراباشنده است. عیسی مسیح نیز وجودی فراباشنده است که رابط میان خدای پدر و انسان است. لذا انسان نمی تواند بجای خدا بنشیند. همچنین از منظر این شورا، انسان شریف ترین مخلوقات خداست و رئیس تمام مخلوقات زمین می باشد در عین حال برای فهم خدا و دین نیاز به وحی دارد. از این روی اسناد واتیکانی دوم به تبیین دقیق ارتباط میان وحی، کلیسا و کتاب مقدس به عنوان عناصر کلیدی ارتباط خدا و انسان پرداخته است که حکایتگر فراباشنده بودن خدا نسبت به انسان دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Examining the transcendence or decay of God in the theological relationship between God and man from the perspective of the Second Vatican documents

نویسنده [English]

  • Morteza Sanei
چکیده [English]

Among the fundamental issues in the theology of religions is the issue of knowing the relationship between God and man. Understanding this relationship will have a significant impact on theology. The development of Christian theology in various periods has been subject to this theological understanding of the relationship between God and man. This article seeks to analyze this relationship based on Vatican II documents. It seems that in the modern era, the theological transformation of which caused God to be defined as a subservient deity and human being to be given originality, prompted the Church to present a redefinition of the relationship between God and man in Vatican II. Regarding the achievements of this research, it should be mentioned that according to Vatican II, God is a transcendent God. Jesus Christ is also a supernatural being who is the link between God the Father and man. Therefore, man cannot take the place of God. Also, from the point of view of this council, man is the noblest of God's creations and he is the head of all the creatures of the earth, at the same time, he needs revelation to understand God and religion. Therefore, the Second Vatican documents have explained the relationship between the revelation, the church and the Bible as the key elements of the relationship between God and man, which tells of God's transcendence towards man.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Second Vatican Council
  • God .Jesus. Christ .Man
  • Superior and Inferior
کتاب مقدس
استنلی جی. گرنز(1386 ). الاهیات مسیحی در قرن بیستم، ترجمه روبرت آسریان، تهران، کتاب روشن
Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy (SACROSANCTUM CONCILIUM – SC)
Declaration On Religious Freedom (DIGNITATIS HUMANAEDH – DH)
Declaration On The Relation Of The Church To Non-Christian Religions (NOSTRA AETATE - NA)
Decree Concerning The Pastoral Office Of Bishops In The Church (CHRISTUS DOMINUS - CD)
Decree On Ecumenism (UNITATIS REDINTEGRATIOUR – UR)
Decree On The Apostolate Of The Laity (APOSTOLICAM ACTUOSITATEM - AA)
Decree On The Ministry And Life Of Priests (PRESBYTERORUM ORDINIS - PO)
Decree On The Mission Activity Of The Church (AD GENTES - AG)
Dogmatic Constitution On Divine Revelation (DEI VERBUM – DV)
Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (LUMEN GENTIUM – LG)
Pastoral Constitution on the Church in The Modern World  (GAUDIUM ET SPES – GS)
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